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KMID : 1142820190030020084
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Bio, Ethics and Policy
2019 Volume.3 No. 2 p.84 ~ p.99
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Neurotransplantation: Its history, Scope and Ethical Considerations
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Choi Eun-Kyung
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Abstract
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This paper examines the history, type and scope, and current attempts of neuro-transplantation in modern medicine. It shows that neuro-transplantation has been emerged from various and sporadic efforts by some scientists to scientifically well-established high-profile research areas. Also, several ethical issues surrounding neuro-transplantation was summarized from its clinical and ethical features. Neural transplants have been performed steadily since the end of the 19th century, including peripheral nerve transplants and central nerve transplants. The closest example of neuro-transplantation in the CNS system to date is the transplantation of fetal nerve cells in the brains of Parkinson's patients. However, it is difficult to develop its clinical application because of the limitation of fetal cells. Besides the fetal cells, the clinical potential of other cell types(etc., neural embryo stem cells) is not yet clear. The recent development of neuroscience, including the development of brain organoids, is expected to create more diverse human nerve-convergence models. The debate over neuro-transplantation needs to focus on more realistic research layers.
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KEYWORD
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Neurotransplantation, Head Transplantation, fetal research ethics, embryo research ethics, brain-identity
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